New Year Festivals in Japan: Shogatsu Traditions, Hatsumode & Celebrations

Hatsumode at Meiji Shrine pulls 3 million people in three days. 70-tonne bells get swung by 17 monks. Orange torii tunnels at Fushimi Inari stay lit through the night. This guide walks through Japan's most important holiday — Shogatsu — from December 28 osoji cleaning to the January 3 sanganichi close, so you know exactly what's happening when, what's closed, and where to queue.

Japanese New Year: The Country's Most Important Holiday

Shogatsu (Japanese New Year) is the most significant holiday in Japan, comparable to Christmas and Thanksgiving combined in Western culture. The celebrations span from late December through early January, and the entire country shifts into a special mode — businesses close, families gather, and ancient traditions are observed with genuine devotion. For visitors, it is a unique opportunity to experience Japan at its most culturally authentic.

This guide covers everything you need to know about experiencing Japanese New Year, from countdown events to the first shrine visit of the year. Browse the directory, the January calendar, or the Hatsumode page. Pair with attendance guide and what-to-wear for winter.

The New Year Timeline

December 28-30: Preparation (Osoji and Osechi)

Japanese families undertake osoji (deep cleaning) of their homes, symbolically sweeping away the old year's troubles. Kadomatsu (pine and bamboo decorations) and shimekazari (sacred rope decorations) are placed at entrances. Department stores and supermarkets are bustling with people buying ingredients for osechi ryori (New Year feast). Many shops and restaurants begin closing for the holiday break.

December 31: Omisoka (New Year's Eve)

Omisoka is traditionally a quiet, family-oriented evening. The custom is to eat toshikoshi soba (year-crossing buckwheat noodles) — the long noodles symbolize longevity and the thin strands represent cutting ties with the old year's hardships. Many families watch NHK Kohaku Uta Gassen, a beloved annual music show that has aired since 1951.

At midnight, Buddhist temples ring their bells 108 times in a ceremony called joya no kane. The 108 rings represent the 108 worldly desires (bonno) in Buddhist teaching, and each ring symbolically cleanses one. The most famous bell-ringing is at Chion-in Temple in Kyoto, where 17 monks work together to swing the massive 70-tonne bell.

January 1-3: Sanganichi (The Three Days)

The first three days of January, called sanganichi, are the heart of the New Year celebration. The most important tradition is hatsumode — the first shrine or temple visit of the year. People pray for good fortune, buy omamori (protective charms), draw omikuji (fortune slips), and return last year's charms to be ritually burned.

Best Places for Hatsumode

Meiji Shrine (Tokyo)

Meiji Shrine is Japan's most visited hatsumode destination, receiving over 3 million visitors in the first three days. The approach through the forested Yoyogi Park feels otherworldly at midnight, with massive crowds moving respectfully toward the shrine. Expect wait times of 1-3 hours on January 1. The atmosphere is genuinely special — bundled-up families, steaming food stalls, and the collective prayer of millions.

Fushimi Inari Taisha (Kyoto)

Fushimi Inari welcomes over 2.7 million visitors during the New Year period. The famous tunnel of orange torii gates is illuminated and open 24 hours. Visiting at midnight on January 1 combines the excitement of the New Year with the mystical atmosphere of the torchlit mountain path. The deity Inari is associated with business prosperity, making this particularly popular with entrepreneurs.

Sensoji Temple (Tokyo)

Sensoji in Asakusa draws over 2.8 million New Year visitors. The Nakamise shopping street is alive with food vendors and souvenir stalls. The temple's massive incense burner is particularly active during New Year, as visitors waft smoke over themselves for good health in the coming year.

Other Popular Hatsumode Destinations

• Kawasaki Daishi (Kanagawa) — 3 million visitors, famous for warding off bad luck
• Sumiyoshi Taisha (Osaka) — Iconic arched bridge, 2.3 million visitors
• Atsuta Shrine (Nagoya) — Home of a legendary imperial sword, 2.3 million visitors
• Dazaifu Tenmangu (Fukuoka) — God of learning, popular with students

New Year Food Traditions

Osechi Ryori

Osechi ryori is the traditional New Year feast, beautifully arranged in stacked lacquer boxes (jubako). Each dish carries symbolic meaning:

• Kuromame (black beans) — Health and diligence
• Kazunoko (herring roe) — Fertility and prosperity
• Tazukuri (candied sardines) — Bountiful harvest
• Kamaboko (fish cake, red and white) — Celebration colors
• Datemaki (sweet rolled omelette) — Scholarship and culture
• Ozoni (mochi rice cake soup) — Served on New Year's morning, varies by region

Department stores and restaurants sell elaborate osechi sets (¥10,000-100,000+), and hotel restaurants offer special New Year buffets featuring both osechi and Western dishes.

Amazake and Festival Food

At shrine and temple stalls during hatsumode, warm amazake (sweet fermented rice drink) is the quintessential New Year beverage. Many shrines offer it free to visitors. Festival food stalls also sell yakitori, oden (hot pot), and taiyaki (fish-shaped cakes) — warming treats for cold January queues.

Countdown Events

While traditional New Year's Eve is quiet, several locations offer public countdown celebrations:

• Tokyo Tower and Tokyo Skytree — Special New Year events with countdown projections
• Shibuya Crossing — Increasingly popular for informal street celebrations (police presence is heavy)
• Universal Studios Japan (Osaka) — All-night New Year event with entertainment and countdown
• Yokohama Bay — Waterfront countdown with ships sounding their horns at midnight

Practical Tips for New Year in Japan

• Closures — Many restaurants, shops, and attractions close December 31-January 3. Convenience stores and some chain restaurants remain open. Stock up on supplies in advance.
• Transportation — Trains run special late-night and all-night services on New Year's Eve to accommodate hatsumode visitors. Check railway websites for holiday schedules.
• Accommodation — Hotels in popular areas book up well in advance. Prices are elevated from December 29 through January 3.
• Cash — ATMs at banks may be closed during the holiday. Convenience store ATMs (7-Eleven, FamilyMart) operate throughout and accept international cards.
• Dress warmly — January hatsumode means standing outdoors for extended periods. Bring multiple layers, hand warmers, and a thermos with a hot drink.
• Fukubukuro — Department stores sell "lucky bags" (¥5,000-50,000) filled with mystery merchandise on January 1-2. Queues start before dawn for popular brands.

FAQ

Should I visit Meiji Shrine on January 1 or skip the crowd?

January 1 (especially 00:00-04:00) has the biggest crowds — 1-3 hour queues — but also the most atmospheric experience. January 2-3 cuts wait to 30-60 minutes with nearly identical atmosphere. After January 3, hatsumode is still valid through January 7 and queues drop to 10 minutes.

Are any restaurants open on January 1?

Most are closed. Reliable open options: convenience stores (24/7), major chain restaurants (Matsuya, Sukiya, McDonald's, Saizeriya), hotel restaurants, shrine/temple yatai during hatsumode, and some family restaurants (Gusto, Denny's). Stock up on konbini onigiri/bento the day before to avoid depending on street food.

Is it OK to visit as a non-Buddhist/non-Shinto visitor?

Absolutely — hatsumode welcomes everyone and Japanese participants include all religions and none. Basic etiquette: remove hat, bow before torii, toss a coin (¥5 traditional), bow twice / clap twice / bow once at the main hall. No photography inside shrine buildings during rituals. See our attendance guide for more.

What's the difference between Omisoka, Ganjitsu, and Sanganichi?

Omisoka = December 31 (New Year's Eve). Ganjitsu = January 1 morning specifically. Shogatsu = January 1-3 in modern use. Sanganichi = the three-day period January 1-3. Matsu-no-Uchi (the "pine time") extends to January 7 in Kanto or January 15 in Kansai, when decorations come down.

Can I combine New Year with Setsubun or other February events?

Yes — a 10-14 day January trip can cover hatsumode (Jan 1-3), Sapporo Snow Festival (early Feb), and Setsubun bean-throwing at major temples (Feb 3). Winter illuminations are also running — see our winter illuminations guide.

Plan your New Year trip: browse all events, check the January calendar, or see Hatsumode and Setsubun pages directly. Pair with winter illuminations for extended itineraries.